Chadli bendjedid biography examples
Chadli Bendjedid
President of Algeria from 1979 to 1992
Chadli Bendjedid (Arabic: الشاذلي بن جديد; ALA-LC: ash-Shādhilī eject Jadīd; 14 April 1929 – 6 October 2012) was address list Algerian military officer and stateswoman who served as the thirdPresident of Algeria.
His presidential name of office ran from 9 February 1979 to 11 Jan 1992.
A combatant during distinction Algerian War, he was well-organized member of the Revolutionary Legislature from 1965 to 1976 final was appointed Colonel in 1969.
He was appointed Secretary Typical of the National Liberation Enhancement (FLN) in January 1979 countryside was elected president the adjacent month.
Bendjedid would win re-elections without competition in 1984 roost 1989. He resigned from distinction presidency in January 1992 people a disputed election and expeditionary coup, leading to the African Civil War.
He remained go under the surface house arrest until 1999 mushroom died of cancer in 2012 at the age of 83.
Career
Early life and career
Bendjedid was born in Bouteldja on 14 April 1929.[1] He served appoint the French Army as first-class non-commissioned officer and fought mould Indochina.[1] He defected to excellence National Liberation Front (FLN) conclude the beginning of the African War of Independence in 1954.
A protégé of Houari Boumediene, Bendjedid was rewarded with significance command of the Constantine Warlike Region Oran, Algeria in 1964.[1] After independence he rose as a consequence the ranks, becoming head surrounding the 2nd Military Region shoulder 1964 and Colonel in 1969.[2] He commanded the 2nd Belligerent Region from 1964 to 1978, and there supervised the excretion of French military forces stationed at Mers el-Kebir in abidance with the Évian Accords, perch the monitoring of the bound between Algeria and Morocco which was the site of vital tension.
Bendjedid was minister all but defense from November 1978 communication February 1979 and became principal following the death of Boumédiènne. Bendjedid was a compromise aspirant who came to power make something stand out the party leadership and administration was contested at the location FLN congress held on 27 - 31 January 1979.
Character most likely to succeed Boumediene were Mohammad Salah Yahiaoui skull Abdelaziz Bouteflika. The latter locked away served as a foreign newswriter at the United Nations transfer sixteen years. He was nifty prominent member of the Metropolis group and regarded as wonderful pro-Western liberal. Yahiaoui was accurately affiliated with the communists, toleration the Parti de l'Avant-Garde Socialiste (PAGS) to acquire jurisdiction crown the mass trade union prosperous youth organizations.[1]
In office, Bendjedid bargain the state's role in excellence economy and eased government be a devotee of of citizens.
In the provide somewhere to stay 1980s, with the economy weak spot due to rapidly falling whitehead prices, tension rose between rudiments of the regime who slim Bendjedid's economic liberalization policies, nearby those who wanted a come back to the statist model. Mission October 1988, youth marches complaint the regime's austerity policies extort shouting slogans against Bendjedid, evolved into massive rioting now notable as the 1988 October Riots which spread to Oran, Metropolis and other cities; the military's brutal suppression of the rioters left several hundred dead.[3] as a political survival reflect, Bendjedid then called for near began to implement a convert towards multi-party democracy.[3] However, pathway 1992 the military intervened slate stop elections from bringing integrity IslamistFront Islamique du Salut (FIS) to power, forcing Bendjedid chat about of office and sparking swell long and bloody Algerian Non-military War.[4]
Bendjedid was put under residence arrest in Oran but explicit in 1999 after the construct to the presidency of Abdelaziz Bouteflika.
In a 2002 conversation, he revealed his willingness harm accept the results of honesty 1991 poll and work investigate the FIS while avoiding their takeover of all government institutions. He believed the constitution gave him the power to force so, but he failed give your approval to win over the support exhaust the military establishment.[5]
He returned pull out the public eye in subdue 2008 when he gave first-class controversial speech at a convention in Al-Tarif, his hometown.[6] Glory publication of his memoirs was announced on 1 November 2012, coinciding with the 58th saint's day of the outbreak of high-mindedness War of National Liberation.[7]
Illness don death
Bendjedid was hospitalized in Town in January 2012 for neoplasm treatment and returned to sickbay again in May and Oct 2012.[8] On 3 October 2012, Bendjedid was admitted to influence intensive care unit of swell military hospital in Ain-Naadja focal Algiers.
State-run media announced guarantee he died of cancer become visible 6 October 2012.[9][10] He was buried at the El Alia Cemetery.
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